It is believed that the legendary Greek warrior Achilles would have his comrades use Yarrow to treat their wounds during the Trojan War. The word Millifolium derives from the Yarrow leaves’ feathery appearance, separated so finely as to appear to be a plant with a thousand leaves. The yarrow does have a soothing and perhaps healing effect on mucous membranes used for treating bleeding of the lungs. It is indicated for helping individuals with diabetes, bleeding hemorrhoids, dysentery, and certain stomach disorders. It has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiseptic properties, it is also an active decongestant, and astringent.
The common yarrow is sometimes used to treat fevers, such as typhoid. It may help to fight colds, reduce diarrhea, and help with the measles, smallpox, Bright’s disease, colic, rheumatism, constipation, toothaches and earaches.
It is possible that the flavonoids and alkaloids in yarrow tea could help individuals with anxiety and depression. Studies have shown promising results that suggest yarrow tea may support good brain health. Further, it may be used to help Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and encephalomyelitis (brain and spinal cord inflammation that is caused by viral infections).
It is applied/taken as an external ointment, poultice, douche, enema (for hemorrhoids), , infusion or tea.
Yarrow should be avoided by pregnant women, individuals taking blood thinning medication or suffering from bleeding disorders, 2 weeks before a surgery, or those allergic to ragweed.
Please use moderation and care when using herbs and read our disclaimer
6784680
{6784680:M79RXUU7},{6784680:7AB9THVD},{6784680:QSR2KWFF},{6784680:BTU4PSGS},{6784680:MXIZ2CU8},{6784680:IX3Y69L8},{6784680:U4QXM3EH},{6784680:7E3FNP38},{6784680:94YNHZMQ},{6784680:ZCLK589L},{6784680:9AVJYFDJ}
items
1
apa
0
default
asc
1495
https://seedfromhusk.com/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3A%22zotpress-5faf066c88d899a2e0278b9bf8186ac5%22%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22BTU4PSGS%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ayoobi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAyoobi%2C%20F.%2C%20Shamsizadeh%2C%20A.%2C%20Fatemi%2C%20I.%2C%20Vakilian%2C%20A.%2C%20Allahtavakoli%2C%20M.%2C%20Hassanshahi%2C%20G.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Moghadam-Ahmadi%2C%20A.%20%282017%29.%20Bio-effectiveness%20of%20the%20main%20flavonoids%20of%20Achillea%20millefolium%20in%20the%20pathophysiology%20of%20neurodegenerative%20disorders-%20a%20review.%20%3Ci%3EIranian%20Journal%20of%20Basic%20Medical%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E20%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%20604%26%23x2013%3B612.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.22038%5C%2FIJBMS.2017.8827%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.22038%5C%2FIJBMS.2017.8827%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Bio-effectiveness%20of%20the%20main%20flavonoids%20of%20Achillea%20millefolium%20in%20the%20pathophysiology%20of%20neurodegenerative%20disorders-%20a%20review%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fatemeh%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ayoobi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ali%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shamsizadeh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Iman%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fatemi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alireza%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vakilian%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mohammad%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Allahtavakoli%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gholamhossein%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hassanshahi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amir%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moghadam-Ahmadi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20Achillea%20millefolium%20L.%20%28Yarrow%29%20is%20a%20common%20herb%20which%20is%20widely%20being%20used%2C%20worldwide.%20Achillea%20is%20being%20used%20for%20treatment%20of%20many%20disorders%20since%20centuries.%20It%20is%20considered%20safe%20for%20supplemental%20use%20and%20flavonoids%20such%20as%20kaempferol%2C%20luteolin%20and%20apigenin%20are%20of%20main%20constituents%20present%20in%20Achillea.%20Most%20of%20both%20antioxidant%20and%20anti-inflammatory%20properties%20of%20this%20herb%20have%20been%20attributed%20to%20its%20flavonoid%20content.%20Oxidative%20and%20inflammatory%20processes%20play%20important%20roles%20in%20pathogenesis%20of%20neurodegenerative%20diseases.%20Present%20review%20was%20aimed%20to%20review%20the%20latest%20literature%20evidences%20regarding%20application%20of%20Achillea%20and%5C%2For%20its%20three%20main%20flavonoid%20constituents%20on%20epilepsy%2C%20Alzheimer%27s%20disease%2C%20multiple%20sclerosis%2C%20Parkinson%27s%20disease%20and%20stroke.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jun%202017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.22038%5C%2FIJBMS.2017.8827%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222008-3866%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A38%3A07Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22M79RXUU7%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Moradi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-10-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMoradi%2C%20M.-T.%2C%20Rafieian-Koupaei%2C%20M.%2C%20Imani-Rastabi%2C%20R.%2C%20Nasiri%2C%20J.%2C%20Shahrani%2C%20M.%2C%20Rabiei%2C%20Z.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Alibabaei%2C%20Z.%20%282013%29.%20Antispasmodic%20Effects%20of%20Yarrow%20%28Achillea%20Millefolium%20L.%29%20Extract%20in%20the%20Isolated%20Ileum%20of%20Rat.%20%3Ci%3EAfrican%20Journal%20of%20Traditional%2C%20Complementary%2C%20and%20Alternative%20Medicines%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E10%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%20499%26%23x2013%3B503.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3847392%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3847392%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Antispasmodic%20Effects%20of%20Yarrow%20%28Achillea%20Millefolium%20L.%29%20Extract%20in%20the%20Isolated%20Ileum%20of%20Rat%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mohammad-Taghi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moradi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mahmoud%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rafieian-Koupaei%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Reza%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Imani-Rastabi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jafar%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nasiri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mehrdad%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shahrani%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zahra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rabiei%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zahra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alibabaei%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Achillea%20millefolium%20L.%20is%20cultivated%20in%20Iran%20and%20widely%20used%20in%20traditional%20medicine%20for%20gastrointestinal%20disorders.%20The%20aim%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20determine%20the%20effect%20of%20hydroalcoholic%20extract%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20on%20the%20contraction%20and%20relaxation%20of%20isolated%20ileum%20in%20rat.%20In%20this%20experimental%20study%2C%20aerial%20parts%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20were%20extracted%20by%20maceration%20in%20ethanol%2070%25%20for%2072h.%20Terminal%20portion%20of%20ileum%20in%20100%20male%20Wistar%20rats%20was%20dissected%20and%20its%20contractions%20were%20recorded%20isotonically%20in%20an%20organ%20bath%20containing%20Tyrode%20solution%20%2837%20%5Cu00b0C%2C%20pH%207.4%29%20under%20one%20gram%20tension.%20Acetylcholine%20%281mM%29%20and%20KCl%20%2860mM%29%20were%20used%20to%20create%20isotonic%20contractions.%20Propranolol%20and%20N%5Cu03c9-Nitro-L-arginine%20methylester%20hydrochloride%20%28L-NAME%29%20were%20used%20to%20investigate%20the%20mechanisms%20of%20action%20prior%20to%20giving%20the%20extract%20to%20the%20relevant%20groups.%20Data%20were%20compared%20by%20ANOVA%20and%20Turkey%27s%20post%20hoc%20test..%20The%20results%20showed%20that%20the%20ileum%20contraction%20was%20induced%20by%20KCl%20and%20acetylcholine%20induced%20contraction%20was%20significantly%20reduced%20by%20A.%20millefolium%20extract.%20The%20cumulative%20concentrations%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20relaxed%20the%20KCl%20and%20acetylcholine%20induced%20contractions%20%28n%3D14%2C%20p%3C0.001%29.%20The%20inhibitory%20effect%20of%20extract%20on%20contraction%20induced%20by%20KCl%20and%20acetylcholine%20was%20not%20significantly%20affected%20neither%20by%20propranolol%20%281%5Cu00b5M%29%20nor%20by%20L-NAME%20%28100%20%5Cu00b5M%29.%20There%20was%20no%20significant%20difference%20in%20the%20rate%20of%20relaxation%20by%20propranolol%20and%20L-NAME%20between%20the%20two%20groups.%20In%20conclusion%2C%20A.%20millefolium%20can%20inhibit%20contraction%20of%20smooth%20muscle%20of%20ileum%20in%20rat%2C%20and%20it%20can%20be%20used%20for%20eliminating%20intestinal%20spasms.%20These%20results%20suggest%20that%20the%20relaxatory%20effect%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20on%20ileum%20contractions%20can%20be%20due%20to%20the%20blockade%20of%20voltage%20dependent%20calcium%20channels.%20In%20addition%2C%20the%20%5Cu03b2-adrenoceptors%2C%20cholinergic%20receptors%20and%20nitric%20oxide%20production%20are%20not%20powerful%20actors%20in%20inhibitory%20effect%20of%20A.%20millefolium.%20So%2C%20the%20nitric%20oxide%20and%20adrenergic%20systems%20may%20also%20be%20involved%20in%20the%20antispasmodic%20effect%20of%20A.%20millefolium.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013-10-3%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220189-6016%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3847392%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A38%3A01Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZCLK589L%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Perviz%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-02-15%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EPerviz%2C%20S.%2C%20Khan%2C%20H.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Pervaiz%2C%20A.%20%282016%29.%20Plant%20Alkaloids%20as%20an%20Emerging%20Therapeutic%20Alternative%20for%20the%20Treatment%20of%20Depression.%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Pharmacology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E7%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffphar.2016.00028%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffphar.2016.00028%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Plant%20Alkaloids%20as%20an%20Emerging%20Therapeutic%20Alternative%20for%20the%20Treatment%20of%20Depression%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sadia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Perviz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Haroon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Khan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aini%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pervaiz%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Depression%20is%20a%20heterogeneous%20mood%20disorder%20that%20has%20been%20classified%20and%20treated%20in%20a%20variety%20of%20ways.%20Although%2C%20a%20number%20of%20synthetic%20drugs%20are%20being%20used%20as%20standard%20treatment%20for%20clinically%20depressed%20patients%2C%20but%20they%20have%20adverse%20effects%20that%20can%20compromise%20the%20therapeutic%20treatments%20and%20patient%27s%20compliance.%20Unlike%2C%20synthetic%20medications%2C%20herbal%20medicines%20are%20widely%20used%20across%20the%20globe%20due%20to%20their%20wide%20applicability%20and%20therapeutic%20efficacy%20associated%20with%20least%20side%20effects%2C%20which%20in%20turn%20has%20initiated%20the%20scientific%20research%20regarding%20the%20antidepressant%20activity.%20This%20review%20is%20mostly%20based%20on%20the%20literature%20of%20the%20last%20decade%2C%20aimed%20at%20exploring%20the%20preclinical%20profile%20of%20plant-based%20alkaloids%20%28the%20abundant%20secondary%20metabolite%29%20as%20an%20emerging%20therapy%20for%20depression.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-2-15%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffphar.2016.00028%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221663-9812%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC4753303%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A37%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227AB9THVD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Moradi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-10-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMoradi%2C%20M.-T.%2C%20Rafieian-Koupaei%2C%20M.%2C%20Imani-Rastabi%2C%20R.%2C%20Nasiri%2C%20J.%2C%20Shahrani%2C%20M.%2C%20Rabiei%2C%20Z.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Alibabaei%2C%20Z.%20%282013%29.%20Antispasmodic%20Effects%20of%20Yarrow%20%28Achillea%20Millefolium%20L.%29%20Extract%20in%20the%20Isolated%20Ileum%20of%20Rat.%20%3Ci%3EAfrican%20Journal%20of%20Traditional%2C%20Complementary%2C%20and%20Alternative%20Medicines%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E10%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%20499%26%23x2013%3B503.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3847392%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3847392%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Antispasmodic%20Effects%20of%20Yarrow%20%28Achillea%20Millefolium%20L.%29%20Extract%20in%20the%20Isolated%20Ileum%20of%20Rat%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mohammad-Taghi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moradi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mahmoud%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rafieian-Koupaei%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Reza%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Imani-Rastabi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jafar%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nasiri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mehrdad%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shahrani%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zahra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rabiei%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zahra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alibabaei%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Achillea%20millefolium%20L.%20is%20cultivated%20in%20Iran%20and%20widely%20used%20in%20traditional%20medicine%20for%20gastrointestinal%20disorders.%20The%20aim%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20determine%20the%20effect%20of%20hydroalcoholic%20extract%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20on%20the%20contraction%20and%20relaxation%20of%20isolated%20ileum%20in%20rat.%20In%20this%20experimental%20study%2C%20aerial%20parts%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20were%20extracted%20by%20maceration%20in%20ethanol%2070%25%20for%2072h.%20Terminal%20portion%20of%20ileum%20in%20100%20male%20Wistar%20rats%20was%20dissected%20and%20its%20contractions%20were%20recorded%20isotonically%20in%20an%20organ%20bath%20containing%20Tyrode%20solution%20%2837%20%5Cu00b0C%2C%20pH%207.4%29%20under%20one%20gram%20tension.%20Acetylcholine%20%281mM%29%20and%20KCl%20%2860mM%29%20were%20used%20to%20create%20isotonic%20contractions.%20Propranolol%20and%20N%5Cu03c9-Nitro-L-arginine%20methylester%20hydrochloride%20%28L-NAME%29%20were%20used%20to%20investigate%20the%20mechanisms%20of%20action%20prior%20to%20giving%20the%20extract%20to%20the%20relevant%20groups.%20Data%20were%20compared%20by%20ANOVA%20and%20Turkey%27s%20post%20hoc%20test..%20The%20results%20showed%20that%20the%20ileum%20contraction%20was%20induced%20by%20KCl%20and%20acetylcholine%20induced%20contraction%20was%20significantly%20reduced%20by%20A.%20millefolium%20extract.%20The%20cumulative%20concentrations%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20relaxed%20the%20KCl%20and%20acetylcholine%20induced%20contractions%20%28n%3D14%2C%20p%3C0.001%29.%20The%20inhibitory%20effect%20of%20extract%20on%20contraction%20induced%20by%20KCl%20and%20acetylcholine%20was%20not%20significantly%20affected%20neither%20by%20propranolol%20%281%5Cu00b5M%29%20nor%20by%20L-NAME%20%28100%20%5Cu00b5M%29.%20There%20was%20no%20significant%20difference%20in%20the%20rate%20of%20relaxation%20by%20propranolol%20and%20L-NAME%20between%20the%20two%20groups.%20In%20conclusion%2C%20A.%20millefolium%20can%20inhibit%20contraction%20of%20smooth%20muscle%20of%20ileum%20in%20rat%2C%20and%20it%20can%20be%20used%20for%20eliminating%20intestinal%20spasms.%20These%20results%20suggest%20that%20the%20relaxatory%20effect%20of%20A.%20millefolium%20on%20ileum%20contractions%20can%20be%20due%20to%20the%20blockade%20of%20voltage%20dependent%20calcium%20channels.%20In%20addition%2C%20the%20%5Cu03b2-adrenoceptors%2C%20cholinergic%20receptors%20and%20nitric%20oxide%20production%20are%20not%20powerful%20actors%20in%20inhibitory%20effect%20of%20A.%20millefolium.%20So%2C%20the%20nitric%20oxide%20and%20adrenergic%20systems%20may%20also%20be%20involved%20in%20the%20antispasmodic%20effect%20of%20A.%20millefolium.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013-10-3%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220189-6016%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3847392%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A37%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2294YNHZMQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Pirbalouti%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EPirbalouti%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20Koohpayeh%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Karimi%2C%20I.%20%282010%29.%20The%20wound%20healing%20activity%20of%20flower%20extracts%20of%20Punica%20granatum%20and%20Achillea%20kellalensis%20in%20Wistar%20rats.%20%3Ci%3EActa%20Poloniae%20Pharmaceutica%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E67%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20107%26%23x2013%3B110.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20wound%20healing%20activity%20of%20flower%20extracts%20of%20Punica%20granatum%20and%20Achillea%20kellalensis%20in%20Wistar%20rats%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abdollah%20Ghasemi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pirbalouti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abed%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koohpayeh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Iraj%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Karimi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222010%20Jan-Feb%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220001-6837%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A37%3A48Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MXIZ2CU8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Saeidnia%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESaeidnia%2C%20S.%2C%20Gohari%2C%20AR.%2C%20Mokhber-Dezfuli%2C%20N.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kiuchi%2C%20F.%20%282011%29.%20A%20review%20on%20phytochemistry%20and%20medicinal%20properties%20of%20the%20genus%20Achillea.%20%3Ci%3EDARU%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20Journal%20of%20Faculty%20of%20Pharmacy%2C%20Tehran%20University%20of%20Medical%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E19%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20173%26%23x2013%3B186.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3232110%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3232110%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20review%20on%20phytochemistry%20and%20medicinal%20properties%20of%20the%20genus%20Achillea%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Saeidnia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22AR.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gohari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mokhber-Dezfuli%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kiuchi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Achillea%20L.%20%28Compositae%20or%20Asteraceae%29%20is%20a%20widely%20distributed%20medicinal%20plant%20throughout%20the%20world%20and%20has%20been%20used%20since%20ancient%20time.%20Popular%20indications%20of%20the%20several%20species%20of%20this%20genus%20include%20treatment%20of%20wounds%2C%20bleedings%2C%20headache%2C%20inflammation%2C%20pains%2C%20spasmodic%20diseases%2C%20flatulence%20and%20dyspepsia.%20Phytochemical%20investigations%20of%20Achillea%20species%20have%20revealed%20that%20many%20components%20from%20this%20genus%20are%20highly%20bioactive.%20There%20are%20many%20reports%20on%20the%20mentioned%20folk%20and%20traditional%20effects.%20Although%2C%20the%20medicinal%20properties%20of%20Achillea%20plants%20are%20recognized%20worldwide%2C%20there%20are%20only%20one%20review%20article%20mainly%20about%20the%20structures%20of%20the%20phytochemical%20constituents%20of%20Achillea.%20The%20present%20paper%20reviews%20the%20medicinal%20properties%20of%20various%20species%20of%20Achillea%2C%20which%20have%20been%20examined%20on%20the%20basis%20of%20the%20scientific%20in%20vitro%2C%20in%20vivo%20or%20clinical%20evaluations.%20Various%20effects%20of%20these%20plants%20may%20be%20due%20to%20the%20presence%20of%20a%20broad%20range%20of%20secondary%20active%20metabolites%20such%20as%20flavonoids%2C%20phenolic%20acids%2C%20coumarins%2C%20terpenoids%20%28monoterpenes%2C%20sesquiterpenes%2C%20diterpenes%2C%20triterpenes%29%20and%20sterols%20which%20have%20been%20frequently%20reported%20from%20Achillea%20species.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222011%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221560-8115%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC3232110%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A37%3A46Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227E3FNP38%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Thornfeldt%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EThornfeldt%2C%20C.%20R.%20%282008%29.%20Chronic%20inflammation%20is%20etiology%20of%20extrinsic%20aging.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Cosmetic%20Dermatology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E7%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%2078%26%23x2013%3B82.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fj.1473-2165.2008.00366.x%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fj.1473-2165.2008.00366.x%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Chronic%20inflammation%20is%20etiology%20of%20extrinsic%20aging%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carl%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thornfeldt%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Skin%20care%20regimens%20using%20active%20ingredients%20that%20are%20recommended%20by%20physicians%20who%20treat%20mucocutaneous%20conditions%20including%20aging%20should%20become%20more%20focused%20on%20reversing%20and%20preventing%20chronic%20inflammation.%20This%20adjustment%20of%20therapeutic%20and%20preventive%20strategies%20is%20necessary%20because%20chronic%20inflammation%20appears%20strongly%20linked%20to%20many%20preventable%20and%20treatable%20skin%20diseases%20and%20conditions%20such%20as%20visible%20skin%20aging.%20Mucocutaneous%20inflammation%20as%20the%20final%20common%20pathway%20of%20many%20systemic%20and%20mucocutaneous%20diseases%20including%20extrinsic%20aging%20has%20been%20established%20at%20the%20molecular%20and%20cellular%20levels.%20The%20corollary%20to%20this%20strategy%20includes%20inhibition%20of%20primary%20activators%20of%20mucocutaneous%20inflammation%20such%20as%20stratum%20corneum%20permeability%20barrier%20disruption%2C%20blocking%20any%20pro-inflammatory%20environmental%20insult%20such%20as%20ultraviolet%20radiation%2C%20and%20quenching%20tissue%20responses%20to%20these%20insults.%20This%20review%20will%20present%20the%20scientific%20rationale%20substantiating%20the%20conclusion%20that%20chronic%20inflammation%20is%20the%20common%20denominator%20in%20many%20mucocutaneous%20pathophysiologic%20processes%20including%20extrinsic%20skin%20aging.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Mar%202008%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fj.1473-2165.2008.00366.x%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221473-2165%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A36%3A55Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22U4QXM3EH%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Wang%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EWang%2C%20H.%2C%20Wang%2C%20H.%2C%20Cheng%2C%20H.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Che%2C%20Z.%20%282016%29.%20Ameliorating%20effect%20of%20luteolin%20on%20memory%20impairment%20in%20an%20Alzheimer%26%23x2019%3Bs%20disease%20model.%20%3Ci%3EMolecular%20Medicine%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E13%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%204215%26%23x2013%3B4220.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3892%5C%2Fmmr.2016.5052%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3892%5C%2Fmmr.2016.5052%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Ameliorating%20effect%20of%20luteolin%20on%20memory%20impairment%20in%20an%20Alzheimer%27s%20disease%20model%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huimin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huiling%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huixin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheng%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zhenyong%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Che%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Alzheimer%27s%20disease%20%28AD%29%20is%20one%20of%20the%20most%20prevalent%20neurodegenerative%20disorder.%20It%20is%20characterized%20by%20the%20formation%20of%20amyloid%20plaques%20and%20neurofibrillary%20tangles%20in%20the%20brain%2C%20the%20degeneration%20of%20cholinergic%20neurons%20and%20neuronal%20cell%20death.%20The%20present%20study%20aimed%20to%20investigate%20the%20effect%20of%20luteolin%2C%20a%20flavonoid%20compound%2C%20on%20memory%20impairment%20in%20a%20streptozotocin%20%28STZ%29%5Cu2011induced%20Alzheimer%27s%20rat%20model.%20Morris%20water%20maze%20and%20probe%20tests%20were%20performed%20to%20examine%20the%20effect%20of%20luteolin%20treatment%20on%20cognition%20and%20memory.%20The%20effect%20of%20luteolin%20on%20CA1%20pyramidal%20layer%20thickness%20was%20also%20examined.%20The%20results%20demonstrated%20that%20luteolin%20significantly%20ameliorated%20the%20spatial%20learning%20and%20memory%20impairment%20induced%20by%20STZ%20treatment.%20STZ%20significantly%20reduced%20the%20thickness%20of%20CA1%20pyramidal%20layer%20and%20treatment%20of%20luteolin%20completely%20abolished%20the%20inhibitory%20effect%20of%20STZ.%20Our%20results%20suggest%20that%20luteolin%20has%20a%20potentially%20protective%20effect%20on%20learning%20defects%20and%20hippocampal%20structures%20in%20AD.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%202016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3892%5C%2Fmmr.2016.5052%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221791-3004%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A36%3A46Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IX3Y69L8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Livdans-Forret%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222007-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELivdans-Forret%2C%20A.%20B.%2C%20Harvey%2C%20P.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Larkin-Thier%2C%20S.%20M.%20%282007%29.%20Menorrhagia%3A%20A%20synopsis%20of%20management%20focusing%20on%20herbal%20and%20nutritional%20supplements%2C%20and%20chiropractic.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Journal%20of%20the%20Canadian%20Chiropractic%20Association%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E51%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%20235%26%23x2013%3B246.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC2077876%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC2077876%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Menorrhagia%3A%20A%20synopsis%20of%20management%20focusing%20on%20herbal%20and%20nutritional%20supplements%2C%20and%20chiropractic.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anna%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Livdans-Forret%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phyllis%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Harvey%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Susan%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Larkin-Thier%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Introduction%5CnTo%20make%20chiropractors%20more%20aware%20of%20menorrhagia%20and%20how%20they%20can%20serve%20a%20role%20in%20their%20patient%5Cu2019s%20care%20and%20education%20since%20women%20make%20up%2060%25%20of%20the%20population%20seeking%20chiropractic%20care.%5Cn%5CnMethod%5CnA%20review%20of%20the%20biomedical%20literature%20on%20menorrhagia%20was%20conducted.%20Items%20that%20were%20retrieved%20were%20synthesized%20and%20interpreted%20in%20order%20to%20give%20the%20best%20information%20to%20practicing%20chiropractors.%5Cn%5CnDiscussion%5CnMost%20of%20the%20information%20available%20relative%20to%20menorrhagia%20is%20medically%20oriented.%20Other%20treatment%20options%20can%20include%3A%20chiropractic%2C%20various%20types%20of%20herbs%2C%20and%20nutritional%20supplements.%5Cn%5CnConclusion%5CnKnowledge%20of%20medical%20treatment%2C%20nutritional%20supplements%2C%20along%20with%20chiropractic%20treatment%20options%20may%20be%20beneficial%20to%20doctors%20in%20their%20practice.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222007-12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220008-3194%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC2077876%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A36%3A40Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QSR2KWFF%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Nemeth%20and%20Bernath%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ENemeth%2C%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Bernath%2C%20J.%20%282008%29.%20Biological%20activities%20of%20yarrow%20species%20%28Achillea%20spp.%29.%20%3Ci%3ECurrent%20Pharmaceutical%20Design%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E14%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2829%29%2C%203151%26%23x2013%3B3167.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2174%5C%2F138161208786404281%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2174%5C%2F138161208786404281%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Biological%20activities%20of%20yarrow%20species%20%28Achillea%20spp.%29%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nemeth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bernath%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20genus%20Achillea%20consists%20of%20about%20140%20perennial%20herbs%20native%20to%20the%20Northern%20hemisphere.%20Traditional%20indications%20of%20their%20use%20include%20digestive%20problems%2C%20liver%20and%20gall-bladder%20conditions%2C%20menstrual%20irregularities%2C%20cramps%2C%20fever%2C%20wound%20healing.%20The%20Commission%20E%20approves%20its%20internal%20use%20for%20loss%20of%20appetite%20and%20dyspeptic%20ailments%20%28gastric%20catarrh%2C%20spastic%20discomfort%29%2C%20externally%20it%20is%20used%20in%20form%20of%20sitz%20bath%20or%20as%20a%20compress%20against%20skin%20inflammation%2C%20slow%20healing%20wounds%2C%20bacterial%20or%20fungal%20infections.%20In%20the%20last%20decades%2C%20pharmacological%20studies%20became%20intensive%2C%20although%20human%20clinical%20investigations%20are%20still%20rare.%20Recent%20findings%20have%20confirmed%20several%20traditional%20uses.%20The%20largest%20number%20of%20data%20accumulated%20for%20antioxidant%20and%20anti-inflammatory%20effects.%20There%20are%20positive%20results%20on%20the%20analgesic%2C%20anti-ulcer%2C%20choleretic%2C%20hepatoprotective%20and%20wound%20healing%20activities.%20First%20results%20on%20other%20interesting%20therapeutical%20areas%20-%20antihypertensive%2C%20antidiabetic%2C%20antitumor%2C%20antispermatogenic%20activities%20-need%20confirmation.%20Yarrow%20can%20be%20used%20also%20as%20an%20insect%20repellent.%20Contact%20dermatitis%20as%20adverse%20effect%20may%20be%20connected%20to%20sesquiterpenes.%20The%20diversity%20and%20complexity%20of%20the%20effective%20compounds%20of%20yarrow%20species%20explains%20the%20broad%20spectrum%20of%20their%20activity.%20According%20to%20the%20literature%20the%20pharmacological%20effects%20are%20mainly%20due%20to%20the%20essential%20oil%2C%20proazulenes%20and%20other%20sesquiterpene%20lactones%2C%20dicaffeoylquinic%20acids%20and%20flavonoids.%20Synergistic%20actions%20of%20these%20and%20other%20compounds%20are%20also%20supposed.%20Achillea%20species%20have%20different%20chemical%20and%20therapeutical%20values.%20Despite%20of%20numerous%20data%2C%20correct%20evaluation%20of%20the%20results%20is%20difficult%20because%20of%20missing%20generally%20accepted%20taxonomical%20nomenclature.%20The%20used%20chemical-analytical%20methods%20and%20bio-assays%20are%20utmost%20diverse%2C%20making%20the%20comparison%20complicated.%20Further%20research%20on%20the%20activity%20is%20needed%20using%20exactly%20defined%20plant%20material%2C%20standardized%20methods%20and%20chemical%20analysis.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222008%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.2174%5C%2F138161208786404281%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221873-4286%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-10-10T02%3A36%3A36Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229AVJYFDJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6784680%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kirschmann%2C%20J.%2C%20%26%20Inc.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKirschmann%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Inc.%20%282006%29.%20%3Ci%3ENutrition%20Almanac%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20%286th%20ed.%29.%20McGraw%20Hill%20Publishing.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Nutrition%20Almanac%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kirschmann%2C%20J.%2C%20%26%20Inc.%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22U8LU2X8Y%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-08-10T09%3A50%3A47Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Ayoobi, F., Shamsizadeh, A., Fatemi, I., Vakilian, A., Allahtavakoli, M., Hassanshahi, G., & Moghadam-Ahmadi, A. (2017). Bio-effectiveness of the main flavonoids of Achillea millefolium in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders- a review. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 20(6), 604–612. https://doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8827
Moradi, M.-T., Rafieian-Koupaei, M., Imani-Rastabi, R., Nasiri, J., Shahrani, M., Rabiei, Z., & Alibabaei, Z. (2013). Antispasmodic Effects of Yarrow (Achillea Millefolium L.) Extract in the Isolated Ileum of Rat. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines, 10(6), 499–503. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847392/
Perviz, S., Khan, H., & Pervaiz, A. (2016). Plant Alkaloids as an Emerging Therapeutic Alternative for the Treatment of Depression. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00028
Moradi, M.-T., Rafieian-Koupaei, M., Imani-Rastabi, R., Nasiri, J., Shahrani, M., Rabiei, Z., & Alibabaei, Z. (2013). Antispasmodic Effects of Yarrow (Achillea Millefolium L.) Extract in the Isolated Ileum of Rat. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines, 10(6), 499–503. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847392/
Pirbalouti, A. G., Koohpayeh, A., & Karimi, I. (2010). The wound healing activity of flower extracts of Punica granatum and Achillea kellalensis in Wistar rats. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 67(1), 107–110.
Saeidnia, S., Gohari, AR., Mokhber-Dezfuli, N., & Kiuchi, F. (2011). A review on phytochemistry and medicinal properties of the genus Achillea. DARU : Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 19(3), 173–186. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232110/
Thornfeldt, C. R. (2008). Chronic inflammation is etiology of extrinsic aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 7(1), 78–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-2165.2008.00366.x
Wang, H., Wang, H., Cheng, H., & Che, Z. (2016). Ameliorating effect of luteolin on memory impairment in an Alzheimer’s disease model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 13(5), 4215–4220. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5052
Livdans-Forret, A. B., Harvey, P. J., & Larkin-Thier, S. M. (2007). Menorrhagia: A synopsis of management focusing on herbal and nutritional supplements, and chiropractic. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 51(4), 235–246. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2077876/
Nemeth, E., & Bernath, J. (2008). Biological activities of yarrow species (Achillea spp.). Current Pharmaceutical Design, 14(29), 3151–3167. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161208786404281
Kirschmann, J., & Inc. (2006). Nutrition Almanac (6th ed.). McGraw Hill Publishing.